Theory
Colorfastness term is used in textile dyeing, meaning resistance of a material's color to fade or running out. Colorfastness to washing means, that a specimen of textile, in contact with one or two specified adjacent fabrics, is mechanically agitated under described conditions of time and temperature in a soap solution, then rinsed and dried. The change in color of the specimen and the staining of the adjacent fabric are assessed with the grayscale.
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Recipe
Recipe Calculation
Here, M:L: 1:20
Sample weight: 1.15 gm
Total liquor : (1.15 ✕ 20) = 23 ml
Chemicals = (g/L × Total liquor) / 1000
ECE detergent = (4 ✕ 23) / 1000 = 0.092 gm
Sodium perborate = (1 ✕ 23) / 1000 = 0.023 gm
Freshwater = 23 ml
Functions of the Chemicals Required
Detergent: Removes dirt, dust, and excessive color.
Sodium perborate: It is a stable source of active oxygen in many detergents. It is a less aggressive bleach than sodium hypochlorite, causing less degradation in textiles.
Process Flow
A (10 cm ✕ 4 cm) multi-fabric is taken
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One dyed sample of the same size is also taken
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Sewn both multi-fabric and test samples together
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All the chemicals and water are taken into one pot, and steel balls are also put into the pot
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Fabrics are poured into the pot and washed in the machine at 60℃ for 30 minutes
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After 30 minutes, the specimen is taken out
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Rinsed and washed with cold water
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Dried the specimen with a dryer (less than 60℃)
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The change in color of the specimen and the staining of the adjacent fabric are assessed with grayscale
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Graded 1 to 5 according to the grayscale grades
Multi fabric contains Acetate, cotton, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and wool.
Curve
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| Color Fastness to Wash Curve ©Textile Pad |
Conclusion
Colorfastness to wash is very important for dyed fabric. By doing this experiment, we can determine the colorfastness of dyed fabric to wash with detergent. Thus, we can ensure the resistance of the fabric's color to fading and running out.