Theory
The dimensional stability of a fabric is a measure of the extent to which it keeps its original dimensions after its manufacture. Shrinkage is a problem that hampers the dimensional stability of the fabric. Fabric shrinkage can cause difficulties in two main areas.
- During garment manufacturing
- During subsequent laundering by the ultimate customer.
{getToc} $title={Table of Contents}
Working Procedure
- Marking out samples: The fabric sample is marked to (50 cm ✕ and 50 cm) square with a measuring scale. A minimum of (35 cm ✕ 35 cm) can be marked on all the edges of the fabric.
- Measure the square before washing.
- Washing: After measurement, the samples are washed in a suitable washing solution in a washing machine conforming to a certain specimen.
- Rinsing and drying: After the specified time has passed away, the sample is rinsed. Dry the sample by line drying or tumble drying.
- Measuring after washing: Lay the specimen on a flat table. Remove creases, but don't stretch the fabric. Measure the length and width following the marked prints.
Shrinkage Template
 |
| Shrinkage Template © Textile Pad |
Calculation
The percentage of shrinkage is calculated by the following method:
Shrinkage% = {Before wash (cm) – After wash (cm) / Before wash (cm)} ✕ 100%
Example
Before washing = 35 cm
After washing = 32 cm
So, shinkage% = {(35 – 32) / 35} ✕ 100% = 8.57%
Conclusion
Shrinkage percentage is an important test for dyed fabric. After washing a garment, the dimensional stability may change, which may cause a bad appearance. So, before making a garment, a stability test should be done.