In this article, we are going to do an experimental dyeing procedure of cotton fabric with natural Turmeric. This procedure is done practically in a chemical lab and described here as it is followed. Carefully all the procedures are done and the final output found the fabric in yellow color.
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Theory
Natural dyes are derived from natural sources. We get turmeric dye from turmeric, a kind of spice that is also used for cooking. Natural dyestuff refers to the plant or other material from which it is extracted.
Objectives
- Learn about natural dyes.
- Learn about the dyeing process of turmeric dye.
Apparatus
- Glass rod
- Pot (made of stainless steel)
- Heat source
- Weight balancers, etc.
Recipe
Calculations
Sample fabric= 5 gm
So, Total liquor= (5✕20)= 100 ml
Dye,
100 gm fabric needed 2 gm of dye
So, 5 gm of fabric needed (2✕5) /100= 0.1 gm
Chemicals,
Alum= (3✕100) /1000= 0.3 gm
Wetting agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 ml
Sequestering agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 gm
Levelling agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 ml
Salt= (2✕100) /1000= 0.2 gm
Total liquid chemicals= (0.1+0.1)= 0.2 ml
Required freshwater= (100-0.2)= 99.8 ml
Working Procedure
- Sample fabric (scoured and bleached) is weighted and taken 5 gms
- Chemicals (liquid and solid) are calculated and taken as the required amount in the dye pot.
- Freshwater is added as required.
- Fabric is dipped in the dye pot.
- Heated the pot at 80℃ for 50 minutes.
- After dyeing, rinsed the fabric and added detergent, and washed the fabric at 70℃ for 10 minutes.
- Then dried the fabric.
- Finally ironed the fabric.
- Thus dyeing is done.
Turmeric Dyed Fabric Sample
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| Turmeric Dyed Cotton Sample ©Textile Pad |
The Curve of Turmeric Dyeing
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| Turmeric Dyeing Curve ©Textile Pad |
Precautions
- Fabric must be scoured and bleached.
- Dyeing temperature and time should be maintained.
- The washing temperature should be carefully maintained.
- The recipe should be accurately followed.
Conclusion
We have dyed cotton fabric with turmeric dye, which is a natural dye. Here, the temperature is used 80°C. At higher temperatures, more than 60℃, natural dyeing could be hampered. We could use this temperature because the dyeing process is done in an open bath in the lab. But in a close bath, natural dye will be damaged at higher temperatures, more than 60℃.